| Market Reports

Kraken Daily Market Report for July 30 2022

Overview


  • Daily spot trading volume: $431.7 million, 30 day average spot: $565.5 million.
  • Total futures notional: $139.3 million.
  • The top five traded coins were, respectively, Bitcoin (↓0.6%), Ethereum (↓1.6%), Tether (↓0.01%), Solana (↑4.5%), USD Coin (↓0.01%).
  • Strong returns from Filecoin (↑34%), KeeperDAO (↑24%), and Harvest Finance (↑19%).

July 30, 2022 
 $431.7M traded across all markets today
 Crypto, EUR, USD, JPY, CAD, GBP, CHF, AUD 
BTC 
$23642.90 
↓0.6% 
$132.3M
ETH 
$1697.01 
↓1.6% 
$104.3M
USDT 
$1.00 
↓0.01% 
$76.3M
SOL 
$43.83 
↑4.5% 
$22.2M
USDC 
$1.00 
↓0.01% 
$12.6M
ADA 
$0.53 
↑0.7% 
$9.57M
XRP 
$0.39 
↑5.1% 
$8.7M
FIL 
$8.02 
↑34% 
$8.13M
DOT 
$8.20 
↑0.17% 
$6.89M
MATIC 
$0.93 
↓0.9% 
$6.48M
DOGE 
$0.07 
↑1.0% 
$5.78M
LTC 
$60.44 
↓0.6% 
$4.19M
BCH 
$145.25 
↓4.7% 
$3.37M
ETC 
$39.40 
↓2.9% 
$3.09M
MANA 
$1.01 
↑4.1% 
$2.36M
LINK 
$7.81 
↓1.0% 
$2.18M
SHIB 
$0.00001 
↑1.3% 
$2.11M
YFI 
$11759.30 
↑8.1% 
$2.11M
ATOM 
$10.69 
↓4.3% 
$1.99M
FLOW 
$1.92 
↑3.2% 
$1.79M
UNI 
$8.78 
↓3.7% 
$1.75M
AVAX 
$24.23 
↓1.1% 
$1.6M
XLM 
$0.12 
↑1.3% 
$1.54M
XTZ 
$1.82 
↑6.0% 
$1.44M
SAND 
$1.33 
↓0.3% 
$1.42M
KAVA 
$1.90 
↑0.6% 
$1.27M
XMR 
$155.85 
↓2.7% 
$1.17M
APE 
$6.69 
↑0.0% 
$1.11M
ALGO 
$0.34 
↑0.29% 
$1.11M
CRV 
$1.36 
↓5.8% 
$1.1M
WAVES 
$5.61 
↓1.0% 
$1.05M
TRX 
$0.07 
↓0.4% 
$1.0M
DAI 
$1.00 
↑0.01% 
$923K
MINA 
$0.79 
↑3.7% 
$897K
ICP 
$8.27 
↑1.8% 
$858K
AAVE 
$95.11 
↓1.2% 
$847K
GRT 
$0.13 
↑3.6% 
$824K
AXS 
$19.05 
↑3.3% 
$757K
GLMR 
$0.80 
↑2.9% 
$704K
KSM 
$63.12 
↓1.2% 
$687K
ENJ 
$0.63 
↑3.8% 
$682K
NANO 
$1.01 
↑1.7% 
$636K
GALA 
$0.06 
↑1.3% 
$602K
LRC 
$0.43 
↑2.2% 
$503K
SNX 
$3.65 
↓9.5% 
$453K
ICX 
$0.31 
↓0.9% 
$441K
ZEC 
$65.09 
↑2.2% 
$439K
EOS 
$1.31 
↑0.6% 
$409K
NEAR 
$4.36 
↓0.6% 
$408K
MLN 
$27.62 
↓2.5% 
$350K
EGLD 
$56.74 
↑0.8% 
$327K
LUNA 
$0.00010 
↓0.8% 
$306K
LPT 
$11.62 
↓8.4% 
$290K
BOND 
$8.29 
↓9.0% 
$286K
SUSHI 
$1.48 
↓1.5% 
$280K
BAT 
$0.41 
↑0.04% 
$274K
UST 
$0.035 
↓2.5% 
$272K
KEEP 
$0.18 
↑1.0% 
$260K
QTUM 
$4.32 
↓7.4% 
$252K
IMX 
$1.18 
↑8.9% 
$244K
LSK 
$1.14 
↑0.9% 
$236K
SC 
$0.004 
↓0.5% 
$232K
EWT 
$2.47 
↓2.8% 
$227K
LDO 
$2.35 
↓4.4% 
$225K
QNT 
$105.99 
↓1.4% 
$215K
COMP 
$58.00 
↑0.4% 
$208K
STORJ 
$0.68 
↑1.0% 
$204K
PERP 
$0.87 
↓5.4% 
$197K
MOVR 
$14.70 
↑3.7% 
$180K
CHZ 
$0.13 
↓2.6% 
$179K
OXT 
$0.12 
↓0.9% 
$177K
FTM 
$0.33 
↓0.19% 
$175K
LUNA2 
$1.86 
↓3.3% 
$166K
PAXG 
$1766.77 
↑0.0% 
$163K
OMG 
$2.25 
↓2.9% 
$159K
KNC 
$1.59 
↓1.8% 
$148K
SGB 
$0.026 
↓0.8% 
$132K
DYDX 
$2.33 
↓4.2% 
$125K
OCEAN 
$0.20 
↑2.7% 
$122K
DASH 
$50.41 
↓0.5% 
$113K
JASMY 
$0.010 
↑0.8% 
$111K
TVK 
$0.05 
↓2.3% 
$98.7K
GNO 
$161.64 
↓2.1% 
$98.5K
KP3R 
$151.80 
↓0.7% 
$94.6K
SBR 
$0.007 
↓19% 
$91.3K
FORTH 
$6.67 
↓8.6% 
$90.6K
ENS 
$14.70 
↓0.7% 
$80.2K
SCRT 
$1.11 
↓3.6% 
$78.2K
INJ 
$1.41 
↓1.3% 
$78.1K
ANT 
$1.97 
↓1.3% 
$75.0K
ZRX 
$0.35 
↑4.2% 
$69.3K
CTSI 
$0.17 
↓0.24% 
$69.1K
1INCH 
$0.77 
↓0.13% 
$69.1K
NYM 
$0.44 
↑18% 
$67.7K
BAND 
$1.77 
↑3.0% 
$67.2K
AUDIO 
$0.34 
↓1.1% 
$66.6K
GMT 
$0.98 
↓1.0% 
$65.0K
RUNE 
$2.63 
↓2.9% 
$64.3K
MKR 
$1119.00 
↓3.4% 
$64.2K
WBTC 
$24608.20 
↑3.6% 
$62.6K
BADGER 
$4.74 
↓8.4% 
$57.9K
GST 
$0.06 
↑8.8% 
$52.7K
BAL 
$6.35 
↑2.3% 
$51.7K
ATLAS 
$0.008 
↓0.12% 
$50.1K
KILT 
$0.45 
↑3.2% 
$46.8K
ALICE 
$2.81 
↓3.7% 
$46.8K
RNDR 
$0.59 
↓2.3% 
$46.4K
SRM 
$0.99 
↓1.8% 
$45.7K
FARM 
$60.16 
↑19% 
$41.0K
REN 
$0.15 
↓0.14% 
$40.8K
ASTR 
$0.045 
↓0.9% 
$40.7K
KIN 
$0.00001 
↑0.8% 
$37.3K
BNT 
$0.57 
↑0.7% 
$36.1K
OGN 
$0.22 
↑0.5% 
$35.8K
ARPA 
$0.040 
↓11% 
$34.1K
KINT 
$3.03 
↑0.9% 
$33.1K
UNFI 
$8.99 
↓21% 
$29.7K
ANKR 
$0.030 
↓0.8% 
$27.9K
ACA 
$0.28 
↓2.8% 
$26.7K
WOO 
$0.23 
↑13% 
$26.6K
ALCX 
$36.06 
↓1.3% 
$25.1K
MIR 
$0.21 
↓2.8% 
$25.0K
RAD 
$2.39 
↓7.8% 
$24.9K
BTT 
$0.00000 
↑1.7% 
$23.6K
LCX 
$0.06 
↑1.2% 
$21.0K
FXS 
$7.26 
↑5.8% 
$19.4K
DENT 
$0.001 
↑0.7% 
$19.1K
RBC 
$0.09 
↑12% 
$16.2K
PHA 
$0.13 
↑1.6% 
$16.1K
COTI 
$0.11 
↓0.7% 
$14.8K
INTR 
$0.07 
↓7.6% 
$14.1K
SUPER 
$0.17 
↓8.6% 
$13.9K
YGG 
$0.84 
↑0.8% 
$13.3K
REP 
$8.54 
↓1.5% 
$12.6K
RARI 
$3.24 
↓3.6% 
$12.5K
RAY 
$0.88 
↑0.6% 
$12.3K
BNC 
$0.23 
↓4.0% 
$12.2K
FIDA 
$0.51 
↓5.7% 
$11.3K
MSOL 
$46.04 
↑3.5% 
$11.3K
AKT 
$0.39 
↑1.3% 
$10.3K
CSM 
$0.014 
↑15% 
$10.3K
KEY 
$0.005 
↑3.2% 
$10.2K
REPV2 
$8.52 
↑0.6% 
$9.65K
POLIS 
$0.56 
↑2.8% 
$8.06K
GHST 
$1.33 
↓0.07% 
$7.97K
FET 
$0.09 
↑1.4% 
$7.11K
API3 
$1.93 
↑2.8% 
$6.86K
OXY 
$0.06 
↑0.8% 
$6.84K
AIR 
$0.025 
↓7.9% 
$6.61K
ROOK 
$40.00 
↑24% 
$6.46K
MASK 
$1.63 
↓1.9% 
$6.33K
STEP 
$0.042 
↓2.1% 
$6.19K
CVX 
$7.51 
↓3.6% 
$6.13K
TBTC 
$26048.40 
↑16% 
$6.09K
TLM 
$0.030 
↓13% 
$5.98K
ACH 
$0.015 
↑2.3% 
$5.89K
CHR 
$0.22 
↓2.0% 
$5.82K
SDN 
$0.33 
↓3.5% 
$5.23K
RARE 
$0.29 
↓0.4% 
$5.07K
GTC 
$2.86 
↓2.1% 
$4.52K
KAR 
$0.58 
↓4.4% 
$4.42K
AGLD 
$0.46 
↓5.8% 
$4.18K
MV 
$0.38 
↓5.0% 
$4.16K
BICO 
$0.59 
↓5.6% 
$4.13K
SAMO 
$0.012 
↑8.3% 
$3.95K
ADX 
$0.19 
↑4.0% 
$3.42K

$0.039 
↑4.5% 
$3.39K
CQT 
$0.13 
↓0.4% 
$3.22K
SPELL 
$0.001 
↓0.18% 
$2.87K
RLC 
$0.98 
↓2.8% 
$2.32K
CFG 
$0.30 
↑2.4% 
$2.19K
TOKE 
$1.80 
↑0.6% 
$2.1K
GARI 
$0.09 
↓1.4% 
$1.96K
MC 
$0.90 
↓0.22% 
$1.81K
TRIBE 
$0.16 
↓3.8% 
$1.7K
NMR 
$17.23 
↓0.9% 
$1.63K
REQ 
$0.14 
↑0.31% 
$1.55K
CVC 
$0.15 
↓6.1% 
$1.2K
TEER 
$0.65 
↓0.4% 
$1.17K
ORCA 
$1.00 
↓0.7% 
$1.12K
BIT 
$0.69 
↑0.8% 
$1.02K
FIS 
$0.44 
↑0.18% 
$0.94K
MXC 
$0.07 
↑2.6% 
$0.83K
MULTI 
$4.72 
↓1.5% 
$0.61K
PLA 
$0.39 
↓2.2% 
$0.55K
UMA 
$2.94 
↓4.3% 
$0.53K
PSTAKE 
$0.14 
↑5.3% 
$0.49K
IDEX 
$0.08 
↓4.3% 
$0.42K
POWR 
$0.27 
↓1.9% 
$0.37K
MNGO 
$0.05 
↓0.4% 
$0.16K

Overview


  • Daily spot trading volume: $431.7 million, 30 day average spot: $565.5 million.
  • Total futures notional: $139.3 million.
  • The top five traded coins were, respectively, Bitcoin (↓0.6%), Ethereum (↓1.6%), Tether (↓0.01%), Solana (↑4.5%), USD Coin (↓0.01%).
  • Strong returns from Filecoin (↑34%), KeeperDAO (↑24%), and Harvest Finance (↑19%).

July 30, 2022 
 $431.7M traded across all markets today
 Crypto, EUR, USD, JPY, CAD, GBP, CHF, AUD 
BTC 
$23642.90 
↓0.6% 
$132.3M
ETH 
$1697.01 
↓1.6% 
$104.3M
USDT 
$1.00 
↓0.01% 
$76.3M
SOL 
$43.83 
↑4.5% 
$22.2M
USDC 
$1.00 
↓0.01% 
$12.6M
ADA 
$0.53 
↑0.7% 
$9.57M
XRP 
$0.39 
↑5.1% 
$8.7M
FIL 
$8.02 
↑34% 
$8.13M
DOT 
$8.20 
↑0.17% 
$6.89M
MATIC 
$0.93 
↓0.9% 
$6.48M
DOGE 
$0.07 
↑1.0% 
$5.78M
LTC 
$60.44 
↓0.6% 
$4.19M
BCH 
$145.25 
↓4.7% 
$3.37M
ETC 
$39.40 
↓2.9% 
$3.09M
MANA 
$1.01 
↑4.1% 
$2.36M
LINK 
$7.81 
↓1.0% 
$2.18M
SHIB 
$0.00001 
↑1.3% 
$2.11M
YFI 
$11759.30 
↑8.1% 
$2.11M
ATOM 
$10.69 
↓4.3% 
$1.99M
FLOW 
$1.92 
↑3.2% 
$1.79M
UNI 
$8.78 
↓3.7% 
$1.75M
AVAX 
$24.23 
↓1.1% 
$1.6M
XLM 
$0.12 
↑1.3% 
$1.54M
XTZ 
$1.82 
↑6.0% 
$1.44M
SAND 
$1.33 
↓0.3% 
$1.42M
KAVA 
$1.90 
↑0.6% 
$1.27M
XMR 
$155.85 
↓2.7% 
$1.17M
APE 
$6.69 
↑0.0% 
$1.11M
ALGO 
$0.34 
↑0.29% 
$1.11M
CRV 
$1.36 
↓5.8% 
$1.1M
WAVES 
$5.61 
↓1.0% 
$1.05M
TRX 
$0.07 
↓0.4% 
$1.0M
DAI 
$1.00 
↑0.01% 
$923K
MINA 
$0.79 
↑3.7% 
$897K
ICP 
$8.27 
↑1.8% 
$858K
AAVE 
$95.11 
↓1.2% 
$847K
GRT 
$0.13 
↑3.6% 
$824K
AXS 
$19.05 
↑3.3% 
$757K
GLMR 
$0.80 
↑2.9% 
$704K
KSM 
$63.12 
↓1.2% 
$687K
ENJ 
$0.63 
↑3.8% 
$682K
NANO 
$1.01 
↑1.7% 
$636K
GALA 
$0.06 
↑1.3% 
$602K
LRC 
$0.43 
↑2.2% 
$503K
SNX 
$3.65 
↓9.5% 
$453K
ICX 
$0.31 
↓0.9% 
$441K
ZEC 
$65.09 
↑2.2% 
$439K
EOS 
$1.31 
↑0.6% 
$409K
NEAR 
$4.36 
↓0.6% 
$408K
MLN 
$27.62 
↓2.5% 
$350K
EGLD 
$56.74 
↑0.8% 
$327K
LUNA 
$0.00010 
↓0.8% 
$306K
LPT 
$11.62 
↓8.4% 
$290K
BOND 
$8.29 
↓9.0% 
$286K
SUSHI 
$1.48 
↓1.5% 
$280K
BAT 
$0.41 
↑0.04% 
$274K
UST 
$0.035 
↓2.5% 
$272K
KEEP 
$0.18 
↑1.0% 
$260K
QTUM 
$4.32 
↓7.4% 
$252K
IMX 
$1.18 
↑8.9% 
$244K
LSK 
$1.14 
↑0.9% 
$236K
SC 
$0.004 
↓0.5% 
$232K
EWT 
$2.47 
↓2.8% 
$227K
LDO 
$2.35 
↓4.4% 
$225K
QNT 
$105.99 
↓1.4% 
$215K
COMP 
$58.00 
↑0.4% 
$208K
STORJ 
$0.68 
↑1.0% 
$204K
PERP 
$0.87 
↓5.4% 
$197K
MOVR 
$14.70 
↑3.7% 
$180K
CHZ 
$0.13 
↓2.6% 
$179K
OXT 
$0.12 
↓0.9% 
$177K
FTM 
$0.33 
↓0.19% 
$175K
LUNA2 
$1.86 
↓3.3% 
$166K
PAXG 
$1766.77 
↑0.0% 
$163K
OMG 
$2.25 
↓2.9% 
$159K
KNC 
$1.59 
↓1.8% 
$148K
SGB 
$0.026 
↓0.8% 
$132K
DYDX 
$2.33 
↓4.2% 
$125K
OCEAN 
$0.20 
↑2.7% 
$122K
DASH 
$50.41 
↓0.5% 
$113K
JASMY 
$0.010 
↑0.8% 
$111K
TVK 
$0.05 
↓2.3% 
$98.7K
GNO 
$161.64 
↓2.1% 
$98.5K
KP3R 
$151.80 
↓0.7% 
$94.6K
SBR 
$0.007 
↓19% 
$91.3K
FORTH 
$6.67 
↓8.6% 
$90.6K
ENS 
$14.70 
↓0.7% 
$80.2K
SCRT 
$1.11 
↓3.6% 
$78.2K
INJ 
$1.41 
↓1.3% 
$78.1K
ANT 
$1.97 
↓1.3% 
$75.0K
ZRX 
$0.35 
↑4.2% 
$69.3K
CTSI 
$0.17 
↓0.24% 
$69.1K
1INCH 
$0.77 
↓0.13% 
$69.1K
NYM 
$0.44 
↑18% 
$67.7K
BAND 
$1.77 
↑3.0% 
$67.2K
AUDIO 
$0.34 
↓1.1% 
$66.6K
GMT 
$0.98 
↓1.0% 
$65.0K
RUNE 
$2.63 
↓2.9% 
$64.3K
MKR 
$1119.00 
↓3.4% 
$64.2K
WBTC 
$24608.20 
↑3.6% 
$62.6K
BADGER 
$4.74 
↓8.4% 
$57.9K
GST 
$0.06 
↑8.8% 
$52.7K
BAL 
$6.35 
↑2.3% 
$51.7K
ATLAS 
$0.008 
↓0.12% 
$50.1K
KILT 
$0.45 
↑3.2% 
$46.8K
ALICE 
$2.81 
↓3.7% 
$46.8K
RNDR 
$0.59 
↓2.3% 
$46.4K
SRM 
$0.99 
↓1.8% 
$45.7K
FARM 
$60.16 
↑19% 
$41.0K
REN 
$0.15 
↓0.14% 
$40.8K
ASTR 
$0.045 
↓0.9% 
$40.7K
KIN 
$0.00001 
↑0.8% 
$37.3K
BNT 
$0.57 
↑0.7% 
$36.1K
OGN 
$0.22 
↑0.5% 
$35.8K
ARPA 
$0.040 
↓11% 
$34.1K
KINT 
$3.03 
↑0.9% 
$33.1K
UNFI 
$8.99 
↓21% 
$29.7K
ANKR 
$0.030 
↓0.8% 
$27.9K
ACA 
$0.28 
↓2.8% 
$26.7K
WOO 
$0.23 
↑13% 
$26.6K
ALCX 
$36.06 
↓1.3% 
$25.1K
MIR 
$0.21 
↓2.8% 
$25.0K
RAD 
$2.39 
↓7.8% 
$24.9K
BTT 
$0.00000 
↑1.7% 
$23.6K
LCX 
$0.06 
↑1.2% 
$21.0K
FXS 
$7.26 
↑5.8% 
$19.4K
DENT 
$0.001 
↑0.7% 
$19.1K
RBC 
$0.09 
↑12% 
$16.2K
PHA 
$0.13 
↑1.6% 
$16.1K
COTI 
$0.11 
↓0.7% 
$14.8K
INTR 
$0.07 
↓7.6% 
$14.1K
SUPER 
$0.17 
↓8.6% 
$13.9K
YGG 
$0.84 
↑0.8% 
$13.3K
REP 
$8.54 
↓1.5% 
$12.6K
RARI 
$3.24 
↓3.6% 
$12.5K
RAY 
$0.88 
↑0.6% 
$12.3K
BNC 
$0.23 
↓4.0% 
$12.2K
FIDA 
$0.51 
↓5.7% 
$11.3K
MSOL 
$46.04 
↑3.5% 
$11.3K
AKT 
$0.39 
↑1.3% 
$10.3K
CSM 
$0.014 
↑15% 
$10.3K
KEY 
$0.005 
↑3.2% 
$10.2K
REPV2 
$8.52 
↑0.6% 
$9.65K
POLIS 
$0.56 
↑2.8% 
$8.06K
GHST 
$1.33 
↓0.07% 
$7.97K
FET 
$0.09 
↑1.4% 
$7.11K
API3 
$1.93 
↑2.8% 
$6.86K
OXY 
$0.06 
↑0.8% 
$6.84K
AIR 
$0.025 
↓7.9% 
$6.61K
ROOK 
$40.00 
↑24% 
$6.46K
MASK 
$1.63 
↓1.9% 
$6.33K
STEP 
$0.042 
↓2.1% 
$6.19K
CVX 
$7.51 
↓3.6% 
$6.13K
TBTC 
$26048.40 
↑16% 
$6.09K
TLM 
$0.030 
↓13% 
$5.98K
ACH 
$0.015 
↑2.3% 
$5.89K
CHR 
$0.22 
↓2.0% 
$5.82K
SDN 
$0.33 
↓3.5% 
$5.23K
RARE 
$0.29 
↓0.4% 
$5.07K
GTC 
$2.86 
↓2.1% 
$4.52K
KAR 
$0.58 
↓4.4% 
$4.42K
AGLD 
$0.46 
↓5.8% 
$4.18K
MV 
$0.38 
↓5.0% 
$4.16K
BICO 
$0.59 
↓5.6% 
$4.13K
SAMO 
$0.012 
↑8.3% 
$3.95K
ADX 
$0.19 
↑4.0% 
$3.42K

$0.039 
↑4.5% 
$3.39K
CQT 
$0.13 
↓0.4% 
$3.22K
SPELL 
$0.001 
↓0.18% 
$2.87K
RLC 
$0.98 
↓2.8% 
$2.32K
CFG 
$0.30 
↑2.4% 
$2.19K
TOKE 
$1.80 
↑0.6% 
$2.1K
GARI 
$0.09 
↓1.4% 
$1.96K
MC 
$0.90 
↓0.22% 
$1.81K
TRIBE 
$0.16 
↓3.8% 
$1.7K
NMR 
$17.23 
↓0.9% 
$1.63K
REQ 
$0.14 
↑0.31% 
$1.55K
CVC 
$0.15 
↓6.1% 
$1.2K
TEER 
$0.65 
↓0.4% 
$1.17K
ORCA 
$1.00 
↓0.7% 
$1.12K
BIT 
$0.69 
↑0.8% 
$1.02K
FIS 
$0.44 
↑0.18% 
$0.94K
MXC 
$0.07 
↑2.6% 
$0.83K
MULTI 
$4.72 
↓1.5% 
$0.61K
PLA 
$0.39 
↓2.2% 
$0.55K
UMA 
$2.94 
↓4.3% 
$0.53K
PSTAKE 
$0.14 
↑5.3% 
$0.49K
IDEX 
$0.08 
↓4.3% 
$0.42K
POWR 
$0.27 
↓1.9% 
$0.37K
MNGO 
$0.05 
↓0.4% 
$0.16K



#####################. Trading Volume by Asset. ##########################################

Trading Volume by Asset


The figures below break down the trading volume of the largest, mid-size, and smallest assets. Cryptos are in purple, fiats are in blue. For each asset, the chart contains the daily trading volume in USD, and the percentage of the total trading volume. The percentages for fiats and cryptos are treated separately, so that they both add up to 100%.

Figure 1: Largest trading assets: trading volume (measured in USD) and its percentage of the total trading volume (July 30 2022)



Figure 2: Mid-size trading assets: (measured in USD) (July 30 2022)



###########. Daily Returns. #################################################

Daily Returns %


Figure 3: Returns over USD and XBT. Relative volume and return size is indicated by the size of the font. (July 30 2022)



###########. Disclaimer #################################################

The values generated in this report are from public market data distributed from Kraken WebSockets api. The total volumes and returns are calculated over the reporting day using UTC time.